An Epidemic of Bloody Diarrhea: Escherichia coli O157 Emerging in Cameroon?
1999

Epidemic of Bloody Diarrhea in Cameroon

Sample size: 298 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Patrick Cunin, Etienne Tedjouka, Yves Germani, Chouaibou Ncharre, Raymond Bercion, Jacques Morvan, Paul M.V. Martin

Primary Institution: Centre Pasteur du Cameroun

Hypothesis

Is Escherichia coli O157 responsible for the bloody diarrhea epidemic in Cameroon?

Conclusion

The study identified multiple pathogens, including E. coli O157:H7, as contributors to a severe bloody diarrhea epidemic in Cameroon.

Supporting Evidence

  • 298 cases of bloody diarrhea were reported during the epidemic.
  • The case-fatality rate was 16.4%, with higher rates in older women.
  • Multiple pathogens, including E. coli O157:H7, were isolated from patients.
  • Poor sanitation and lack of treatment contributed to the epidemic's severity.
  • Transmission appeared to be person-to-person rather than from a common source.

Takeaway

A lot of people in a small village got very sick from diarrhea, and doctors found a new type of germ that can make people sick.

Methodology

Patients were treated and data collected on demographics, symptoms, and pathogens through stool and serum specimen analysis.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to non-randomized treatment groups and reliance on observational data.

Limitations

The study could not conduct a detailed case-control study due to communication difficulties and specimen processing delays.

Participant Demographics

The affected population included both sexes and various age groups, with a notable higher attack rate among females.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.01

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 2.2-11.5

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

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