Groundwater Contamination Linked to Waterborne Outbreak in Ohio
Author Information
Author(s): Fong Theng-Theng, Mansfield Linda S., Wilson David L., Schwab David J., Molloy Stephanie L., Rose Joan B.
Primary Institution: Michigan State University
Hypothesis
What are the microbiological quality and contamination sources of groundwater wells on South Bass Island?
Conclusion
The study found significant groundwater contamination likely caused by wastewater treatment facilities and septic tanks after heavy rainfall.
Supporting Evidence
- All wells tested positive for total coliform and E. coli.
- Seven wells tested positive for enterococci and Arcobacter.
- Adenovirus DNA was recovered from two wells.
- Groundwater contamination was linked to wastewater treatment facilities.
- Extreme precipitation events contributed to the outbreak.
Takeaway
The water on South Bass Island got really dirty because of heavy rain that washed waste into the groundwater, making many people sick.
Methodology
Groundwater wells were tested for fecal indicators, enteric viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, and hydrodynamics of Lake Erie were examined.
Limitations
The study was conducted after the outbreak, which may not fully capture the extent of contamination during the peak.
Participant Demographics
Approximately 1,450 residents and visitors affected by the outbreak.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p=0.1
Confidence Interval
95% CI, 0.7–276
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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