Mortality and Pulmonary Complications of Post-stroke Dysphagia: A Casuistic Review of an Acute Stroke Unit
2024

Mortality and Pulmonary Complications of Post-stroke Dysphagia

Sample size: 210 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Muacevic Alexander, Adler John R, Coelho Pedro M, Almeida Pedro L, Carmezim Ilídia, Silva Andreia, Evangelista Rafaela, Dinis Cláudia, Martins Teresa, Torres Ana, Gomes Ana, Caldas Jorge

Primary Institution: Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) de Viseu Dão-Lafões, Viseu, PRT

Hypothesis

This study aims to evaluate the impact of an intervention in a stroke unit on dysphagia outcomes.

Conclusion

The study indicates an overall improvement in patient care quality in the stroke unit, despite a higher prevalence of respiratory tract infections post-stroke.

Supporting Evidence

  • 99.5% of patients underwent dysphagia assessment.
  • Overall three-month mortality rate was 9.0%.
  • 12.3% mortality in dysphagic patients.
  • 29.0% mortality in patients with severe dysphagia.
  • 19% of patients experienced respiratory tract infections.
  • Older age and female gender were associated with higher dysphagia risk.
  • Severe dysphagia was linked to higher NIHSS and GCS scores.
  • Implementation of a dysphagia screening protocol improved patient outcomes.

Takeaway

After a stroke, many people have trouble swallowing, which can lead to serious problems. This study shows that better screening for swallowing issues can help doctors take better care of these patients.

Methodology

A retrospective observational study analyzed 210 clinical records of patients with acute cerebrovascular disease, assessing dysphagia and follow-up for respiratory tract infections and mortality.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the retrospective nature of the study and the reliance on clinical records.

Limitations

The study's retrospective design and the lack of a diagnostic tool for dysphagia assessment in the acute phase are significant limitations.

Participant Demographics

The sample included 108 males (51.4%) and 102 females (48.6%), with a predominance of ischemic strokes.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI 77-100%

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.7759/cureus.74993

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