Transmission of Drug-Resistant HIV-1 from Mother to Child
Author Information
Author(s): Elizabeth S. Machado, Adriana O. Afonso, Dwight V. Nissley, Philippe Lemey, Silvia M. Cunha, Ricardo H. Oliveira, Marcelo A. Soares
Primary Institution: Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Hypothesis
Can drug-resistant HIV-1 variants be transmitted from an HIV-infected mother to her child in the absence of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy?
Conclusion
This study documents the first case of mother-to-child transmission of a minority resistant strain of HIV-1, highlighting the risk of multi-drug resistance mutations emerging without specific selective pressures.
Supporting Evidence
- The child was diagnosed with HIV at age 2 and had no ARV exposure during pregnancy.
- Genotyping revealed the presence of the K101E mutation in the child's virus before treatment.
- Phylogenetic analysis indicated a common ancestry between the mother's and child's viral strains.
Takeaway
A child got a special kind of HIV from their mom, even though the mom didn't take medicine during pregnancy. This shows that even tiny amounts of bad virus can be passed on.
Methodology
The study involved genotypic and phenotypic analysis of HIV-1 variants in a mother-child pair, using PCR techniques and phylogenetic analysis to assess genetic relatedness.
Limitations
The study is based on a single case, which may not represent broader trends in mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Participant Demographics
{"child_gender":"female","child_birth_date":"1999-05-01","child_hiv_diagnosis_date":"2002-01-29","mother_arv_status":"naïve"}
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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