Gag Mutations Strongly Contribute to HIV-1 Resistance to Protease Inhibitors in Highly Drug-Experienced Patients besides Compensating for Fitness Loss
2009

HIV-1 Gag Mutations and Resistance to Protease Inhibitors

Sample size: 6 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Dam Elisabeth, Quercia Romina, Glass Bärbel, Descamps Diane, Launay Odile, Duval Xavier, Kräusslich Hans-Georg, Hance Allan J., Clavel François

Primary Institution: Inserm U552, Paris, France

Hypothesis

How do mutations in the Gag protein contribute to HIV-1 resistance to protease inhibitors?

Conclusion

Gag mutations play a significant role in HIV-1 resistance to protease inhibitors by compensating for fitness loss and directly contributing to resistance.

Supporting Evidence

  • Gag mutations were found to directly contribute to protease inhibitor resistance.
  • Mutations in the NC-SP2-p6 region of Gag were particularly significant.
  • Removing specific Gag mutations resulted in reduced resistance to protease inhibitors.
  • Patient-derived Gag sequences significantly improved viral replicative capacity.
  • Resistance levels were markedly lower in viruses lacking patient-derived Gag sequences.

Takeaway

HIV-1 can become resistant to treatments because of changes in its proteins, especially the Gag protein, which helps the virus survive even when medicines are trying to stop it.

Methodology

The study involved constructing recombinant viruses with different Gag-Pol segments from HIV-1 infected patients and testing them for resistance and replicative capacity.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the specific patient population studied, which may not reflect broader HIV-1 populations.

Limitations

The study focused on a small number of patients and may not represent all HIV-1 variants.

Participant Demographics

Patients were highly drug-experienced individuals with multiple lines of treatment failure.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.ppat.1000345

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication