The Adenylate Cyclase Toxins of Bacillus anthracis and Bordetella pertussis Promote Th2 Cell Development by Shaping T Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling
2009

How Bacterial Toxins Affect T Cell Development

Sample size: 6 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Rossi Paccani Silvia, Benagiano Marisa, Capitani Nagaja, Zornetta Irene, Ladant Daniel, Montecucco Cesare, D'Elios Mario M., Baldari Cosima T.

Primary Institution: University of Siena

Hypothesis

Do adenylate cyclase toxins from Bacillus anthracis and Bordetella pertussis influence T cell differentiation?

Conclusion

The study shows that low concentrations of adenylate cyclase toxins promote Th2 cell differentiation while inhibiting Th1 cell differentiation.

Supporting Evidence

  • Low concentrations of ET and CyaA promote Th2 cell differentiation.
  • High concentrations of these toxins inhibit T cell activation.
  • Both toxins affect TCR signaling pathways differently based on their concentration.

Takeaway

Bacterial toxins can change how our immune cells develop, helping some cells grow while stopping others.

Methodology

The study involved treating human CD4+ T cells with adenylate cyclase toxins and measuring their differentiation into Th2 cells through cytokine production assays.

Limitations

The study primarily focuses on in vitro results, which may not fully represent in vivo conditions.

Participant Demographics

Healthy adult donors

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.ppat.1000325

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