Large Scale Comparison of Innate Responses to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Mouse and Macaque
2011

Comparing Immune Responses to Viral and Bacterial Infections in Mice and Macaques

Sample size: 217 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Zinman Guy, Brower-Sinning Rachel, Emeche Chineye H., Ernst Jason, Huang Grace Tzu-Wei, Mahony Shaun, Myers Amy J., O'Dee Dawn M., Flynn JoAnne L., Nau Gerard J., Ross Ted M., Salter Russell D., Benos Panayiotis V., Bar Joseph Ziv, Morel Penelope A.

Primary Institution: Carnegie Mellon University and University of Pittsburgh

Hypothesis

How do alveolar macrophages from mice and macaques respond differently to viral and bacterial infections?

Conclusion

The study found significant differences in the immune responses of mice and macaques to various pathogens, highlighting the importance of species-specific responses.

Supporting Evidence

  • Both species showed a robust response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
  • Mice did not respond to the lethal PR8 influenza virus, while macaques did.
  • Alveolar macrophages from both species were analyzed for gene expression changes.
  • A core set of immune response genes was identified that was upregulated in both species.
  • Distinct patterns of gene expression were observed in response to different pathogens.
  • Influenza virus infections elicited different immune responses in mice compared to macaques.
  • Pathogen-specific responses were noted, indicating the need for species-specific studies.
  • Overall, the study provides insights into the innate immune response mechanisms.

Takeaway

This study looked at how two types of animals, mice and macaques, fight off germs. It found that they respond very differently to the same germs.

Methodology

The researchers collected alveolar macrophages from mice and macaques and analyzed their responses to various viral and bacterial infections using microarrays and Luminex assays.

Potential Biases

Potential biases may arise from the differences in housing and environmental exposure of the animals.

Limitations

The study primarily focused on two species and may not fully represent human immune responses.

Participant Demographics

C57BL/6 mice and cynomolgus macaques were used in the study.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.029

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0022401

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