Micro-Environmental Mechanical Stress Controls Tumor Spheroid Size and Morphology by Suppressing Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
2009

How Mechanical Stress Affects Tumor Growth

publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Cheng Gang, Tse Janet, Jain Rakesh K., Munn Lance L.

Primary Institution: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School

Hypothesis

How does mechanical stress influence the size and shape of tumor spheroids and the behavior of cancer cells?

Conclusion

Mechanical stress in the tumor microenvironment suppresses cancer cell growth and induces cell death, which may help explain tumor dormancy.

Supporting Evidence

  • Mechanical stress was shown to correlate with changes in tumor spheroid shape.
  • High solid stress was linked to reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis.
  • Apoptosis was found to occur via the mitochondrial pathway under mechanical stress.

Takeaway

When tumors grow, they push against their surroundings, which can make some cancer cells die and others grow slower. This helps keep the tumor from getting too big.

Methodology

The study used confocal microscopy to measure the stress around tumor spheroids embedded in agarose gels and analyzed the effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Limitations

The study primarily focused on specific cancer cell lines and conditions, which may not fully represent all tumor types.

Participant Demographics

Non-metastatic murine mammary carcinoma cells were used in the experiments.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.0001

Statistical Significance

p<0.0001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0004632

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