Self-Referential Cognition and Empathy in Autism
2007

Self-Referential Cognition and Empathy in Autism

Sample size: 60 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Lombardo Michael V., Barnes Jennifer L., Wheelwright Sally J., Baron-Cohen Simon

Primary Institution: Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Hypothesis

Are self-referential cognition and empathy impaired in individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC)?

Conclusion

Individuals with ASC have broad impairments in both self-referential cognition and empathy, which are intrinsically linked.

Supporting Evidence

  • Individuals with ASC showed a significant self-reference effect in memory, but it was decreased compared to controls.
  • ASC individuals had concurrent impairments on measures of alexithymia, self-focused attention, and empathy.
  • More alexithymia and less self memory predicted larger mentalizing impairments and higher autistic trait scores.

Takeaway

People with autism have a harder time thinking about themselves and understanding how others feel.

Methodology

The study involved 30 adults with Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism and 30 matched controls, using a self-reference effect paradigm and various self-report measures.

Potential Biases

Potential biases in self-report measures and participant selection.

Limitations

The study's findings may not generalize to all individuals with autism, as it focused on high-functioning individuals.

Participant Demographics

30 adults with Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism, aged 19-45, and 30 matched controls.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0000883

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