Reality = Relevance? Insights from Spontaneous Modulations of the Brain's Default Network when Telling Apart Reality from Fiction
2009

Understanding Reality and Fiction in the Brain

Sample size: 19 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Abraham Anna, von Cramon D. Yves

Primary Institution: Max Planck Institute for Human Brain and Cognitive Sciences

Hypothesis

Real entities may be conceptually coded as being more personally relevant to us than fictional characters.

Conclusion

The study shows that personal relevance affects how our brain distinguishes between real and fictional entities.

Supporting Evidence

  • Participants were slower to respond to fictional characters than to famous or friend entities.
  • Response accuracy was lower for fictional characters compared to real entities.
  • Personal relevance modulated brain activation in regions associated with self-referential processing.

Takeaway

The brain reacts differently to real people compared to fictional characters, depending on how relevant those people are to us.

Methodology

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to compare brain responses to real and fictional characters based on personal relevance.

Limitations

The study's findings may not generalize to all contexts of personal relevance.

Participant Demographics

19 right-handed healthy volunteers (10 female; mean age: 24.58; age range: 21–30).

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0004741

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