Flexibility in Animal Signals Facilitates Adaptation to Rapidly Changing Environments
2011

Chickadees Adjust Their Songs to Urban Noise

Sample size: 22 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Darren S. Proppe, Christopher B. Sturdy, Colleen Cassady St. Clair

Primary Institution: University of Alberta

Hypothesis

Chickadees adjust signal characteristics to their ambient environment to maintain sexually selected markers of dominance while avoiding overlap with anthropogenic noise.

Conclusion

Chickadees reduce song duration and increase song frequency in response to ambient noise levels, allowing them to thrive in urban environments.

Supporting Evidence

  • Chickadees sang at higher frequencies in noisier environments to avoid masking effects of traffic noise.
  • Longer, lower-frequency songs were used when noise levels were low to maintain dominance signals.
  • The study found that song duration decreased with increasing instantaneous noise levels.

Takeaway

Chickadees change how they sing based on how noisy it is around them, using shorter songs in loud places and longer songs when it's quiet.

Methodology

The study recorded chickadee songs at 22 roadside locations and analyzed song frequency and duration in relation to ambient noise levels.

Limitations

The study was limited to specific roadside locations and may not generalize to all urban environments.

Participant Demographics

Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) in urban habitats.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.04 for frequency, 0.05 for duration

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0025413

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