Age- and Sex-Specific Mortality Patterns in an Emerging Wildlife Epidemic: The Phocine Distemper in European Harbour Seals
2007

Mortality Patterns in Harbour Seals During Phocine Distemper Epidemics

Sample size: 2145 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Tero Härkönen, Karin Harding, Thomas Dau Rasmussen, Jonas Teilmann, Rune Dietz

Primary Institution: Swedish Museum of Natural History

Hypothesis

The study investigates the age and sex-specific mortality patterns during outbreaks of the Phocine Distemper Virus in European harbour seals.

Conclusion

The study found that age and sex significantly influenced mortality rates during the Phocine Distemper Virus outbreaks, with older seals showing higher survival rates due to acquired immunity.

Supporting Evidence

  • Over 23,000 seals died in the 1988 epidemic, and more than 30,000 in 2002.
  • Males had significantly higher mortality rates than females during both epidemics.
  • The absence of seals older than 14 years in 2002 suggests acquired immunity from the 1988 outbreak.

Takeaway

When seals get sick from a virus, younger and older seals are more likely to die, but the older ones that survive can become immune and live longer.

Methodology

The study analyzed mortality data from two outbreaks of Phocine Distemper Virus in harbour seals, focusing on age and sex composition.

Potential Biases

Potential biases in sampling methods could affect the accuracy of mortality estimates.

Limitations

The study may not account for all environmental factors affecting seal mortality.

Participant Demographics

The study focused on European harbour seals, with a notable skew in sex ratios favoring females.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p=2.6−7

Confidence Interval

95% confidence interval ±0.012

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0000887

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication