HIV Incidence and Prevalence in Windhoek, Namibia
Author Information
Author(s): Aulagnier Marielle, Janssens Wendy, De Beer Ingrid, van Rooy Gert, Gaeb Esegiel, Hesp Cees, van der Gaag Jacques, Rinke de Wit Tobias F.
Primary Institution: PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Hypothesis
To estimate HIV incidence and prevalence in Windhoek, Namibia and to analyze socio-economic factors related to HIV infection.
Conclusion
The study found that HIV incidence and prevalence remain high in Windhoek, particularly among women, and are not significantly associated with socio-economic factors.
Supporting Evidence
- HIV prevalence in the population aged over 12 years was 11.8% in 2006/7 and increased to 14.6% in 2009.
- HIV incidence was found to be 2.4 per 100 person years.
- HIV knowledge was strongly associated with lower incidence rates for both men and women.
- Women showed higher HIV incidence rates compared to men, with 2.6 per 100 person years for females.
Takeaway
This study looked at how many people in Windhoek have HIV and found that a lot of them do, especially women, and it doesn't seem to be linked to how much money they have.
Methodology
The study used household surveys conducted in 2006/7, 2008, and 2009, collecting socio-economic data and biomedical markers from participants aged 12 years and older.
Potential Biases
There is a risk of bias due to higher non-response rates among wealthier and better-educated individuals, which could lead to overestimation of HIV prevalence.
Limitations
The study faced attrition rates and potential biases due to non-response, which may affect the accuracy of HIV prevalence estimates.
Participant Demographics
The sample included 51.8% females with a mean age of 30.3 years, and various socio-economic backgrounds.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
[1.9–2.9]
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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