Reemergence of Pertussis in the Netherlands
Author Information
Author(s): Hester E. de Melker, J.F.P. Schellekens, S.E. Neppelenbroek, F.R. Mooi, H.C. Rumke, M.A.E. Conyn-van Spaendonck
Primary Institution: National Institute of Public Health and the Environment
Hypothesis
What factors contributed to the reemergence of pertussis despite high vaccination coverage?
Conclusion
The study found that a mismatch between the vaccine strain and circulating strains of Bordetella pertussis may have contributed to the reemergence of pertussis in the Netherlands.
Supporting Evidence
- The incidence of pertussis increased significantly in 1996 compared to previous years.
- Hospitalizations for pertussis were highest among infants less than 1 year of age.
- Vaccine effectiveness estimates declined significantly during the outbreak years.
- Changes in serologic testing and case definitions affected the interpretation of data.
- Antigenic variation in Bordetella pertussis strains was observed.
Takeaway
Even though many kids are vaccinated, whooping cough is coming back because the vaccine doesn't match the germs that are making people sick.
Methodology
The study analyzed pertussis reporting, hospitalization, and serodiagnostic data from 1976 to 1998 to understand the causes of the 1996 outbreak.
Limitations
The study's findings may be affected by changes in case definitions and diagnostic practices over time.
Participant Demographics
The study focused on children less than 1 year of age and older vaccinated individuals.
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