Traffic-related air pollution associated with prevalence of asthma and COPD/chronic bronchitis. A cross-sectional study in Southern Sweden
2009

Traffic Pollution and Respiratory Diseases in Southern Sweden

Sample size: 9319 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Anna Lindgren, Emilie Stroh, Peter Montnémery, Ulf Nihlén, Kristina Jakobsson, Anna Axmon

Primary Institution: Lund University

Hypothesis

Is there an association between residential traffic-related air pollution and the prevalence of asthma and COPD in adults?

Conclusion

Living close to traffic is linked to higher rates of asthma and COPD diagnoses, indicating both short-term and long-term effects of traffic-related air pollution on respiratory diseases.

Supporting Evidence

  • Living within 100 m of a road with more than 10 cars per minute was associated with a 40% increased odds of asthma diagnosis.
  • Self-reported traffic exposure was linked to higher rates of asthma and COPD diagnoses.
  • Annual average NOx levels were associated with COPD diagnosis and symptoms of asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Takeaway

If you live near busy roads, you might have a higher chance of having asthma or breathing problems because of the pollution from cars.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study using a postal questionnaire and GIS to assess traffic exposure and respiratory health in adults aged 18-77.

Potential Biases

Self-reported exposure may be biased as individuals might over-report living close to traffic due to awareness of its health impacts.

Limitations

The study is cross-sectional, limiting the ability to establish temporal relationships between exposure and disease onset.

Participant Demographics

Participants were adults aged 18-77, with a response rate of 78% from a total of 11933 individuals surveyed.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Confidence Interval

95% CI = 1.04–1.89 for asthma; 95% CI = 1.11–2.4 for COPD

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1186/1476-072X-8-2

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