Dogs Leaving the ICU Carry a Very Large Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcal Population with Capacity for Biofilm Formation and Horizontal Gene Transfer
2011

Dogs in ICU Carry Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococci

Sample size: 7 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Ghosh Anuradha, Dowd Scot E., Zurek Ludek

Primary Institution: Kansas State University

Hypothesis

Companion animals (dogs) treated with antibiotics in the ICU become a reservoir of antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococcal population and the corresponding resistance traits are horizontally transferrable.

Conclusion

Dogs treated with antibiotics in the ICU harbor a large population of multi-drug resistant enterococci, which can transfer resistance traits to other bacteria.

Supporting Evidence

  • Enterococci made up a significantly higher proportion of the fecal microbiota in ICU dogs compared to healthy dogs.
  • All E. faecalis strains were biofilm formers in vitro.
  • E. faecium strains showed high resistance rates to multiple antibiotics.
  • Three E. faecium clones were shared among four dogs, suggesting nosocomial origin.
  • Horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance traits was demonstrated in vitro.

Takeaway

Dogs that stay in the hospital and get antibiotics can carry superbugs that are hard to treat and can share these germs with other animals and people.

Methodology

Fecal samples from dogs treated with antibiotics were analyzed using culture-based methods and 16S rDNA pyrosequencing to assess enterococcal populations and antibiotic resistance.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in sampling as only dogs treated with antibiotics were included.

Limitations

The study focused only on dogs in the ICU and did not include healthy dogs for comparison.

Participant Demographics

Dogs of various breeds and ages, treated in the veterinary ICU.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0022451

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