The Evolution of the Human IRGM Gene
Author Information
Author(s): Bekpen Cemalettin, Marques-Bonet Tomas, Alkan Can, Antonacci Francesca, Leogrande Maria Bruna, Ventura Mario, Kidd Jeffrey M., Siswara Priscillia, Howard Jonathan C., Eichler Evan E.
Primary Institution: University of Washington
Hypothesis
How has the IRGM gene evolved in primates, particularly in relation to its function and structure?
Conclusion
The IRGM gene has undergone significant structural changes throughout primate evolution, leading to its pseudogenization and subsequent restoration in humans and great apes.
Supporting Evidence
- The IRGM gene family plays a crucial role in defending against intracellular pathogens.
- The IRGM gene was found to be pseudogenized in the common ancestor of New World and Old World monkeys.
- A restored open reading frame (ORF) was identified in humans and great apes.
- The restoration of the IRGM gene coincided with the integration of an endogenous retrovirus.
- Expression analysis showed that IRGM is expressed in various human tissues, particularly in the testis.
Takeaway
Scientists studied a gene important for fighting germs in humans and found that it used to work but then stopped working for a long time before starting to work again in humans and some apes.
Methodology
The study involved sequence analysis, FISH experiments, and expression analyses across various primate species.
Limitations
The study primarily focused on a limited number of primate species and may not represent the full evolutionary history of the IRGM gene.
Statistical Information
P-Value
6.09E−12
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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