Understanding Arbovirus Evolution and Adaptation
Author Information
Author(s): Ciota Alexander T., Kramer Laura D.
Primary Institution: The Arbovirus Laboratories, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health
Hypothesis
A comprehensive understanding of host-virus interactions and how they shape both host-specific and virus-specific evolutionary pressures is needed to fully evaluate the factors that govern the potential for host shifts and geographic expansions.
Conclusion
Experimental studies have shown that arboviruses can adapt to both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts without significant fitness trade-offs.
Supporting Evidence
- Arboviruses are maintained in nature by cycling between vertebrate hosts and invertebrate vectors.
- Recent outbreaks demonstrate the potential for arboviruses to emerge and expand their range.
- Laboratory studies indicate that host cycling does not necessarily constrain host-specific adaptations.
Takeaway
Arboviruses can change and adapt to different hosts, like mosquitoes and humans, without losing their ability to thrive in either environment.
Methodology
The review focuses on laboratory passage and experimental infection studies to understand arbovirus adaptation and evolution.
Limitations
The results from in vitro studies may not fully represent natural host systems due to the complexity of real-world interactions.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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