Evidence of Differential HLA Class I-Mediated Viral Evolution in Functional and Accessory/Regulatory Genes of HIV-1
2007

HIV-1 Evolution and Immune Response

Sample size: 765 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Zabrina L. Brumme, Chanson J. Brumme, David Heckerman, Bette T. Korber, Marcus Daniels, Jonathan Carlson, Carl Kadie, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Celia Chui, James Szinger, Theresa Mo, Robert S. Hogg, Julio S. G. Montaner, Nicole Frahm, Christian Brander, Bruce D. Walker, P. Richard Harrigan

Primary Institution: Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hypothesis

The study investigates how HLA class I influences the evolution of HIV-1 through immune selection.

Conclusion

The study found that HLA class I-mediated selection significantly impacts HIV-1 evolution, particularly in the Nef gene, and correlates with disease progression.

Supporting Evidence

  • The study identified 478 unique HLA-associated polymorphisms across HIV genes.
  • Nef exhibited a significantly higher density of HLA-associated polymorphisms compared to other genes.
  • A significant inverse correlation was found between HLA-associated polymorphisms and CD4+ T cell count.

Takeaway

HIV can change to avoid being recognized by the immune system, and understanding this can help in making better vaccines.

Methodology

The study used a viral lineage-corrected analytical method to analyze HLA class I-associated polymorphisms in HIV genes from a large cohort of chronically infected individuals.

Potential Biases

The cohort may be biased towards individuals with more rapid disease progression due to being referred for treatment.

Limitations

The study is cross-sectional and may not establish cause and effect; it also relies on a single CD4+ cell measurement.

Participant Demographics

The study included 765 HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve adults from British Columbia, Canada.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p = 0.006

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.ppat.0030094

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication