Regional and Racial Differences in Smoking and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
2011

Differences in Smoking and Secondhand Smoke Exposure by Race and Region

Sample size: 26373 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): McClure Leslie A., Murphy Heather L., Roseman Jeffrey, Howard George, Malarcher Ann

Primary Institution: University of Alabama at Birmingham

Hypothesis

Do regional and racial differences in smoking and secondhand smoke exposure contribute to disparities in stroke mortality?

Conclusion

Current smoking and secondhand smoke exposure rates are not higher in regions with higher stroke mortality, suggesting they do not contribute to geographic disparities in stroke.

Supporting Evidence

  • Among African Americans, current smoking rates were 5% lower in the stroke belt and 24% lower in the stroke buckle compared to nonbelt regions.
  • No regional differences in current smoking were found among whites.
  • Among African Americans, exposure to secondhand smoke was 14% lower in the stroke buckle compared to nonbelt regions.

Takeaway

This study looked at how smoking and secondhand smoke exposure vary by race and region, finding that these factors don't explain why some areas have more strokes.

Methodology

Logistic regression was used to analyze smoking and secondhand smoke exposure among African American and white adults aged 45 and older.

Potential Biases

Self-reported data may not accurately reflect actual smoking and exposure levels.

Limitations

The study is cross-sectional and relies on self-reported data for smoking status and secondhand smoke exposure.

Participant Demographics

Participants were 42% African American and 58% white, aged 45 and older.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

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