Streptococcus pneumoniae synergizes with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae to induce inflammation via upregulating TLR2
2008
How Two Bacteria Cause Inflammation Together
publication
Evidence: moderate
Author Information
Author(s): Lim Jae Hyang, Ha Unhwan, Sakai Akihiro, Woo Chang-Hoon, Kweon Soo-Mi, Xu Haidong, Li Jian-Dong
Primary Institution: University of Rochester Medical Center
Hypothesis
Does Streptococcus pneumoniae synergistically induce TLR2 expression with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae?
Conclusion
The study provides new insights into how S. pneumoniae and NTHi work together to increase TLR2 expression and inflammation.
Supporting Evidence
- S. pneumoniae was shown to induce TLR2 expression in lung and middle ear tissues.
- Pneumolysin (PLY) was identified as a major factor in the upregulation of TLR2.
- The study demonstrated that TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in TLR2 upregulation.
- CYLD was found to negatively regulate TLR2 expression in response to S. pneumoniae.
Takeaway
When two bacteria, S. pneumoniae and NTHi, are together, they can make our body react more strongly by increasing a protein called TLR2 that causes inflammation.
Methodology
The study used in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess TLR2 expression in response to S. pneumoniae and NTHi.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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