Perinatal Outcomes in South Asia with Low Birth Weight
Author Information
Author(s): George Kuryan, Prasad Jasmin, Singh Daisy, Minz Shanthidani, Albert David S, Muliyil Jayaprakash, Joseph K S, Jayaraman Jyothi, Kramer Michael S
Primary Institution: Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
Hypothesis
The study investigates whether high rates of low birth weight in South Asia are due to poor fetal growth or short pregnancy duration.
Conclusion
High rates of fetal growth restriction and relatively high rates of preterm birth are responsible for the high rates of low birth weight in South Asia.
Supporting Evidence
- Low birth weight rates were 17.0% in Kaniyambadi compared to 5.5% in Nova Scotia.
- SGA rates were significantly higher in Kaniyambadi when using the Canadian fetal growth standard.
- Maternal mortality rates in Kaniyambadi fell by 85% between 1986–90 and 2001–05.
Takeaway
In South Asia, many babies are born too small or too early, which makes them more likely to have health problems. We need to focus on improving healthcare for all babies, not just preventing low birth weight.
Methodology
The study analyzed population-based birth data from Kaniyambadi, South India, and Nova Scotia, Canada, from 1986 to 2005, focusing on rates of low birth weight, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age births.
Potential Biases
Data collection relied on community health workers, which may introduce reporting biases.
Limitations
Potential data errors in measurements such as birth weight and gestational age; lack of information on some determinants of perinatal outcomes.
Participant Demographics
The study included births from a rural population in Kaniyambadi, South India, and a population in Nova Scotia, Canada.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
95% CI 57% to 95%
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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