Trends in Tobacco-Related Cancer Rates in the US (1992-2004)
Author Information
Author(s): Anthony P. Polednak
Primary Institution: Connecticut Department of Public Health
Hypothesis
Trends in incidence rates for tobacco-related cancers may vary geographically due to socioeconomic status and tobacco control programs.
Conclusion
Lung and oral cavity-pharynx cancer rates among whites aged 15 to 54 years declined more in California than in other areas, likely due to comprehensive tobacco control efforts.
Supporting Evidence
- California had the earliest statewide comprehensive tobacco control program starting in 1989.
- Significant declines in lung cancer rates were observed in California compared to other states.
- Bladder cancer trends differed from lung and oral cavity-pharynx cancers, indicating other influencing factors.
Takeaway
This study looked at how cancer rates related to smoking changed in different parts of the US over time, finding that places with strong anti-smoking laws saw bigger drops in cancer rates.
Methodology
The study analyzed age-adjusted incidence rates for lung, oral cavity-pharynx, and bladder cancers from 1992 to 2004 in 11 SEER areas.
Potential Biases
Potential biases may arise from the ecological nature of the study and reliance on historical data.
Limitations
The study's findings may not fully account for other factors influencing cancer rates, and only a limited number of geographic areas were analyzed.
Participant Demographics
The study focused on adults aged 15 to 54 years, with data analyzed separately for whites and blacks.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Confidence Interval
95% CI not specified
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
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